subtilis, where it has been proposed to play a role similar to th

subtilis, where it has been proposed to play a role similar to that of the E. coli MinE topological specificity component of the MinCDE division site selection system [33, 34]. A divIVA gene is also present in Streptomyces coelicolor [35] and in other actinomycetes, like Mycobacterium tuberculosis,

where Wag31 (antigen 84), a protein proposed to be involved in cell shape maintenance [36]. While many gram-positive bacteria may contain divIVA gene but lack minE and even the full Volasertib manufacturer minCDE system, many gram-negative bacteria have minE but no divIV. FtsE, in association with the integral membrane protein FtsX, is involved in the assembly of potassium ion transport proteins, both of which being relevant to selleck chemicals llc the tubercle bacillus. Recently FtsE and FtsX have been found to localize to the septal ring in E. coli, with the localization requiring the cell division proteins FtsZ, FtsA, and ZipA but not FtsK, FtsQ, FtsL, and FtsI proteins [37], suggestive of a role for FtsEX in cell division. Thus, since FtsE of the FtsEX complex shares sequence conservation with ABC type transporter proteins, the complex could be involved in the transport or translocation processes involving drugs, ions, solutes, proteins, peptides or polysaccharides in relation to drug resistance, salt

tolerance, cell division or membrane protein insertion. Transcriptional regulators In total, There are 15 transcriptional regulators identified as cell wall related proteins in this work, among which P5091 include two ArsR-family proteins, three TetR family proteins and two two-component transcriptional regulatory proteins (detailed information given in Additional file 3). Two-component systems are major elements in bacterial adaptation to environmental changes. These systems are implicated in a large variety of adaptive responses, such as quorum sensing, chemotaxis

and metabolic changes. In many pathogenic bacteria, two-component systems are central regulatory elements for the production of virulence factors [38, 39]. In this study two Amino acid two-component transcriptional regulatory proteins, PrrA and DevR were identified in the cell wall proportion. The prrA gene, encoding the regulator of the two-component system PrrA-PrrB, has been shown to be induced upon macrophage phagocytosis and to be transiently required for the early stages of macrophage infection for M. tuberculosis[40]. Adaptation to oxygen limitation is likely to constitute a key step in mycobacterial persistence and dormancy and could well be mediated by a two-component system and it is suggested that DevR-DevS might serve as a regulatory link between hypoxia and establishment and/or maintenance of the appropriate response [41].

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