Formic acid was chosen as a photochemical agent for the UV-assisted conversion of the analyte from the condensed to the gaseous phase. The only other chemical added to the liquid reaction mixture was nitric acid, which significantly increased the analytical signal. Introduction of selenium volatile products into the graphite

tube covered with an iridium permanent modifier was done automatically. Optimum experimental conditions for generation, collection 10058-F4 and atomization of volatile compounds were found and the analytical characteristics of the method were subsequently determined. A very low concentration limit of detection 4.1 ng L-1 of Se(IV) (corresponding to an absolute LOD 18 pg) was achieved. The repeatability expressed as % RSD was 3.0% at 0.5 mu g L-1 Se(IV). The figures of merit were compared with those obtained by chemical vapour generation using a borohydride/acid system; lower LODs were attained for UV-photochemical vapour generation. An overall efficiency of all the processes from generation to collection of volatile

compounds of more than 80% was estimated. The effect of various concomitants on the selenium signal was also investigated. Finally, the accuracy of the studied method was successfully verified by the analysis of the certified reference material NIST SRM 1643e and two spiked river water samples.”
“BACKGROUND: In the mid 1990s, interest in the field of anesthesiology decreased significantly among medical students, resulting in a decreasing resident class size and, subsequently, fewer anesthesiologists MRT67307 supplier entering the United States workforce. This apparent practitioner shortage was associated with increased salary demands, which placed anesthesiology training departments in financial jeopardy. Starting in 1999, a survey was sent to the department chairs of the United States anesthesiology, training programs to assess the status

of faculty and finances of their departments. Follow-up Selleck Epacadostat surveys have been conducted each year thereafter. We present the results of the 2006 survey and 7 yr trend data.\n\nMETHODS: Surveys were distributed by e-mail in September 2006 to anesthesiology department chairs of the United States training programs. The responses were received by e-mail. Descriptive statistics were performed on responder data. In addition, a linear regression model to predict institutional Support was developed.\n\nRESULTS: One-hundred-eighteen departments were surveyed with a response rate of 61%. There were an average of 4 open faculty positions in the 71% of the departments reporting open faculty positions. This Would imply an overall 5% open position rate, down from 10% in 2000. Of the 96% of departments who employ certified registered nurse anesthetists, 70% had an average of 4 open positions, or approximately 11% shortage.