Experimental models are providing very important data on the in-vitro and in-vivo behavior of Tregs in transplantation, while
recent clinical trials of ��-catenin signaling Treg cellular therapy in graft-versus-host disease are offering a valuable insight into the efficacy of Treg adoptive cellular therapy.
Summary
Data in favor of Treg cellular therapy in transplantation are mounting, and we predict that their use in clinical trials is on the horizon.”
“Objective: To assess and compare fetal behavior and neurodevelopment (KANET) between low and high risk pregnancies. Methods: Prospective, comparative, cohort study. One hundred and fifty-two consecutive pregnant women presenting for routine 2nd trimester and 3rd trimester scan had four dimensional ultrasound examinations (4D US) in order to assess buy Cl-amidine fetal behavior and neurodevelopment. This was achieved by the study of: (1) isolated head movements, (2) isolated hand movements, (3) isolated leg movements, (4) cranial sutures, (5) hand to face/head movements, (6) finger movements, (7) yawning – mouthing, (8) facial expressions, (9) isolated eye blinking, (10) “”Gestalt”" perception. According to the maternal background risk, the population
of the study was classified in low risk pregnancies (n = 78) and high risk pregnancies (n = 74) with IUGR fetuses (n = 12), diabetes mellitus (n = 24), and pre-eclampsia (n = 38). Results: The neurodevelopmental score was statistically significant higher in the low risk group compared to the high risk group (p < 0.0004). The diabetes subgroup score was statistically significantly higher compared to the IUGR and the pre-eclampsia subgroup (p = 0.0001). Conclusions: The neurodevelopment fetal assessment by 4D ultrasound appears to be a feasible technique in the evaluation of high risk pregnancies. Further studies where any association between KANET score and neurological outcome of the childhood are warranted.”
“Purpose of review
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous
population of immature cells that are considered as potential therapeutic targets. Indeed, selleck products MDSCs have been shown to suppress immune responses to several types of tumor cells and blocking their suppressive activity may adequately enhance immune response against tumor antigens. On the contrary, the activity of MDSCs may be desirable in suppressing unwanted immune responses such as allograft rejection and might be involved as non-T regulatory cells in the induction and maintenance of transplantation tolerance. In addition, recent data reported that MDSC also control innate immune responses suggesting that MDSC might be important players in controlling ischemia reperfusion injury.
Recent findings
Herein, we focused on the few recent studies questioning the possible role played by MDSCs in solid-organ transplantation as well as in experimental models of graft versus host disease.