\n\nDesign: Cohort study.\n\nSetting: Urban tertiary care hospital serving southern Alberta.\n\nParticipants: Three hundred fifty patients 60 years or older (73.7% male) undergoing nonemergent catheterization (October 27, 2003, through February 28, 2007) without prior revascularization. We compared a baseline measure of depressive symptoms (Geriatric Depression Scale score

>= 5) with a dynamic measure capturing change from baseline to 12 months.\n\nMain Outcome Measures: Mean change in domain (z scores for attention/executive function, learning/memory, and verbal fluency) and global (raw Mini-Mental State Volasertib cost Examination) cognitive scores from baseline to 6, 12, and 30 months and from 12 to 30 months.\n\nResults: In adjusted models,

participants with persistent depressive symptoms (at baseline and >= 1follow-up visit) showed significantly greater declines at 30 months in attention/ executive function (mean z score change, -0.22), learning/memory (-0.19), verbal fluency (-0.18), and global cognition (mean Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE] score change, -0.99) compared with participants with no or baseline-only depressive symptoms. Persistent depressive symptoms were associated with significantly greater declines in all cognitive measures from 12 to 30 months after adjusting for sociodemographic RSL3 clinical trial and clinical selleck inhibitor factors. For global cognition, a significantly greater decline

was evident for patients with persistent depressive symptoms and the APOE e4 allele (mean MMSE score change, -2.93 [95% CI, -4.40 to -1.45]).\n\nConclusions: Depressive symptoms persist in some patients with coronary artery disease, placing them at a greater risk for cognitive decline. Whether this decline is additionally modified by the presence of APOE e4 requires further investigation.”
“By using Mawhin’s continuation theorem, some analysis techniques and Lyapunov functional, we establish the sufficient conditions ensuring the existence of exponential periodic attractor of an impulsive BAM neural network with both periodic coefficients and distributed delays. Our results generalize and improve the previously known results. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the results. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Attention bias modification (ABM) is a newly emerging therapy for anxiety disorders that is rooted in current cognitive models of anxiety and in established experimental data on threat-related attentional biases in anxiety. This review describes the evidence indicating that ABM has the potential to become an enhancing tool for current psychological and pharmacological treatments for anxiety or even a novel standalone treatment.