Blood was collected before and at 0, 0.5, 24, and 48 hours post exercise and analyzed for C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α),

protein carbonyls (PC), oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL), malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and selleck chemical xanthine oxidase activity (XO). Pre (wk 0) and post (wk 6) blood samples were analyzed for EPA and DHA content. Results Treatment with EPA/DHA resulted in a significant increase in blood levels of both EPA (18 ± 2 μmol·L-1 vs. 143 ± 23 μmol·L-1; p < 0.0001) and DHA (67 ± 4 μmol·L-1 vs. 157 ± 13 μmol·L-1; p < 0.0001), while no differences were noted for placebo. Resting levels of CRP and TNF-α were lower with EPA/DHA compared to placebo (p < 0.05). Resting oxidative stress markers were not different (p > 0.05). There was a mild increase in oxidative stress in response to exercise (p < 0.05), however no interaction effects or condition effects were noted. A condition effect was noted for CRP and TNF-α, with lower buy Milciclib values with the EPA/DHA condition (p < 0.05). However, no interaction or time effects were noted (p > 0.05). Conclusion EPA/DHA supplementation increases blood levels of these fatty acids and results in decreased resting levels of inflammatory biomarkers

in trained men, but does not appear necessary for exercise-induced attenuation in either inflammation or oxidative stress in this population. This may be due to the finding that trained men exhibit a minimal increase in inflammation and oxidative stress in response to moderate duration (60 minute), non-eccentric biased exercise. Acknowledgements This work was supported in part by Minami Nutrition, Belgium.”
“JAK inhibitor Background The

purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of a high-energy supplement (Meltdown RTD®) on resting oxygen consumption (VO2), oxyclozanide respiratory quotient (RQ), caloric expenditure (kcal), heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), and mood in healthy and physically active women. Methods Ten female subjects (20.4 ± 0.70 y; 166.9 ± 7.2 cm; 67.0 ± 7.0 kg; 29.6 ± 6.5% body fat) underwent two testing sessions administered in a randomized and double-blind fashion. During each session, subjects reported to the Human Performance Laboratory after at least 3-h post-absorptive state and were provided either 140 ml of the high-energy supplement (S; commercially marketed as Meltdown RTD®) or placebo (P). Subjects consumed two 70 ml doses of S or P, separated by 30 min. Subjects then rested in a semi-recumbent position for three hours. VO2 and HR were determined every 5 min during the first 30 min and every 10 min during the next 150 min. BP was determined every 15 min during the first 30 min and every 30 min thereafter. The profile of mood states and questionnaire focusing on alertness, focus and fatigue was determined every 30 minutes.