After removing the supernatants, the bacterial pellets were washed twice with double distilled water. After second wash in double selleck distilled water, bacterial samples were stored at −70°C until lyophilisation. The samples for FTIR analysis were first grounded into fine particles using mortar and pestle. The 1 mg of each sample was then mixed with 100 mg potassium bromide (KBr) which extensively dried

in microfuge tubes using a lyophiliser. These mixtures have been dried for an additional 2 h in the same microfuge tubes. The KBr based pellets were then compressed into a thin disk by establishing pressure of 100 kg/cm2 (1200 psi) for about 8 min. FTIR spectroscopy and data analysis The FTIR spectroscopy data were analysed as previously described by Garip et al. [21] with a small modification. Pellets were scanned at 4 cm-1 resolution with 100 scans in the spectral range of 4000–500 cm-1 at room temperature. The sample compartment in the FTIR

spectrometer was continuously purged with dry air to prevent water vapour. Analysis of the spectral data was performed by using Grams 32 (Galactic Industries, Salem, NH, USA) software. The spectral range of 4000–500 cm-1 was analyzed. The band positions were measured according to the center of weight. The averages of the Selleck Small molecule library spectra belonging to the same experimental groups, baseline correction, normalisation and the band areas were obtained by using the same software program. The average spectra and normalisation process were applied only for visual representation of the differences, however for the determination of the spectral parameters https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ly2606368.html and calculation of mean values and statistical analysis each baseline corrected original spectrum was taken into consideration. Statistics The software STATGRAPHICS Plus, version 4.0 (Copyright Manugistics Inc., Rockville, Md., USA) was used to perform the statistical

analysis. Levels of significance (p < 0.05) of main treatments and their interactions were calculated by analysis of variance after testing for normality Protirelin and variance homogeneity. Results and discussion Bacterial identity Results from this study indicated the rice strains should be identified as A. oryzae with Biolog similarity of 0.72 to 0.73, FAME similarity of 0.73 to 0.74, 16 S rRNA sequence similarity of 99% and confirmed by both pathogenicity tests and species-specific PCR, while the watermelon and melon strains should be identified as A. citrulli with Biolog similarity of 0.70 to 0.73, FAME similarity of 0.73 to 0.74, 16 S rRNA sequence similarity of 99%, and confirmed by both pathogenicity tests and species-specific PCR in the newly proposed classification of subspecies of A. avenae. However, in general, the two species of Acidovorax were high similar, and difficult to be differentiated based on Biolog and FAME profile as well as 16 S rRNA sequence analysis.