A retrospective review identified five spina bifida patients with abnormal spinal curvature who had a PCNL for large kidney stones. The mean age was 28 years. In two patients, stones were on the concave side of the scoliotic spine further limiting percutaneous access. Mean stone burden was 940 mm(2). All patients were paraplegic, three patients had symptomatic stone disease. We performed initial percutaneous renal SN-38 supplier access in radiology department and staged nephrolithotomy
in operating room. Tract dilatation was accomplished using Amplatz dilators and a 24 Ch or 26 Ch nephroscope was used. Fragmentation and stone removal were accomplished in all patients using pneumatic and or ultrasound lithotripter and a retrieval grasper.
No anaesthetic complications were recorded. One patient required
multiple percutaneous tracts, four had single tract to access stones. Three patients were stone free after PCNL. One required second PCNL through the same tract and another patient had multiple adjunctive ESWL. All five patients were stone clear after the final procedure. Two patients required blood transfusion. No patient had major complication or admission to intensive care unit.
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy in patients with spina bifida is challenging but safe. Detailed pre-operative anaesthetic assessment and precise uroradiological Entinostat manufacturer evaluation of renal anatomy is essential. Second-look PCNL and additional ESWL/URS treatment may be required to completely clear stones.”
“The focus of thus study was mainly on the use of scrap poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) in poly(butylene terephthalate)-rich see more blend systems. A good combination of tensile and impact properties was observed in the newly formed blend system with scrap PET. The morphology depicted controlled and well-dispersed phases. The thorough mixing of the constituents
was observed in the thermal study. For this innovative blend system, an attempt to correlate the mechanical, thermal, structural, morphological properties and the chemistry of the blend system seemed to be technoeconomical. This study contributed to the recycling of waste material. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 115: 928-934,2010″
“Study Design. A prospective study.
Objective. To evaluate a novel technique involving an endoscopically assisted anterior release and reduction through an anterolateral retropharyngeal approach with minimum follow-up interval of 31 months.
Summary of Background Data. Irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation is typically a chronic process that requires surgical treatment. However, the current literature does not agree on the single best method of treatment. Previously, the best outcomes have been reported with transoral reduction followed by anterior or posterior fixation. Despite recent innovations, numerous complications remain associated with this approach.
Methods.