That is, it is a quantification of the rule that determines how a choice is made. When response bias shifted to a relatively more liberal bias, that is, the decision criterion changed, increased activation was observed in the left IFG. This seems to be in line with the aforementioned findings from Crone and colleagues (Crone et al. 2006) who observed an increase in activity in this selleck region when the rule used to make a choice needed to be changed. Previous studies investigating the

neural correlates of perceptual decision-making have implicated the left SFS in the computation Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical of perceptual decisions (Heekeren et al. 2004, 2006; Pleger Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical et al. 2006; Philiastides et al. 2011). For example, Heekeren and colleagues (Heekeren et al. 2006) found that activation in

the left superior frontal sulcus reflected the comparison of accumulated evidence needed for the discrimination of perceptual stimuli. When activity in this region was disrupted, the rate of sensory Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical evidence accumulation decreased and decisions became less accurate (Philiastides et al. 2011). While the left SFS may be involved in comparing sensory evidence, we (Reckless et al. 2013) previously found that a more ventral region of the frontal cortex, the left IFG may be involved in adjusting the decision criterion between different decision environments. Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical However, the block design of that study limited how this

relationship could be interpreted. The present findings suggest that the left IFG is indeed involved in adapting the decision criterion. This is in keeping with findings from Rahnev and colleagues (Rahnev et al. 2011) who found that individuals who adjusted their response bias more based on information from predictive cues had greater activation in the left IFG. However, Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical one problem that arises when considering results across perceptual decision-making studies is whether the perceptual decision-making task was one of detection or one of discrimination and what decision-making model was used to evaluate the behavioral Mephenoxalone and imaging findings. This study used a detection task and signal detection theory (SDT). Rahnev and colleagues (Rahnev et al. 2011), who found a similar relationship between response bias and activation in the left IFG, used a discrimination task and SDT. The finding that there is a relationship between response bias and the left IFG in both a discrimination and a detection task suggests that the relationship is independent of the type of perceptual decision-making task performed. A limitation of this study was that it used one theory of decision-making to investigate the neural correlates of the decision criterion.