Though that these results have to be validated further with much larger sets of samples, the method discussed here can be adopted as a routine technique for objective diagnosis of cervical cancer.Acknowledgments The work was done under the project ��Study of the Protein Profile of the Clinical Samples for the Early Diagnosis of Female Cancers,�� Department of Science and Technology, Government of India (Project no. SR/S2/LOP/05/2003). The authors would like to thank Chethan N. Anand for his technical assistance.
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common neoplasms in the world. About 930000 new cases are estimated to occur annually [1]. Despite the rapid development of several anticancer drugs and the identification of many prognostic and predictive factors, advanced GC is still strongly associated with a poor outcome with a median survival of 7�C10 months in patients with metastatic or unresectable disease [2].
So far, the most important factor in prognosis and prediction for gastric cancer patients is the TNM stage, which is determined by primary tumor size, degree of spread to regional lymph nodes, and distant metastases. However, in patients with the same stage, prognosis could be various, so further studies are necessary to develop new prognostic factors.HER-2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor involved in development and progression of various solid tumor types such as breast cancer, pulmonary adenocarcinoma, and colorectal and gastric cancer [3�C5].
Although a ligand for HER-2 has not been identified, recent studies suggest that HER-2 is the preferred heterodimerization partner for other members of the epidermal growth factor receptors family. The tyrosine kinase activity of HER-2 intracellular domain triggers signal transduction pathways, which are involved in cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and differentiation [6].Although trastuzumab is currently approved for treatment of HER-2 overexpressing breast cancer [7] and HER-2 overexpressing metastatic gastric cancer as a result of ToGA trial [8], there are conflicting results in studies of HER-2 immunoreactivity and Brefeldin_A its relationship to prognosis on gastric cancer patients. However, according to ToGA trial data amplification was not sufficient enough to reliably detect the patients that had a significant benefit from trastuzumab therapy. IHC is then more predictive than FISH. Some researchers have reported that HER-2 overexpression or amplification is strongly associated with a poor outcome in gastric cancer [9�C11], but other studies have failed to find any association with the prognosis [12, 13].