A most recent paper showed three endogenous bands. We and others have pre viously demonstrated that endogenous PINK1 behaves similarly to the overexpressed PINK1 counterparts in that PINK1 FL accumulates under valinomycin treat ment and PINK1 selleck compound 1 and 2 accumulate under protea some inhibitor treatment. Using these two chemical inhibitors, we first wanted to establish that Hela cells express three forms of endogenous PINK1. We observed that valinomycin treatment led to the increase of PINK1 FL, and epoxomicin treatment increased two lower protein bands when compared to untreated cells. With epoxomicin, the heav ily accumulated protein is PINK1 1 and the protein around 45 kDa is the PINK1 2 form. We also tested the specificity of these three PINK1 bands by using siRNA to knockdown endogenous PINK1.

In two inde pendent siPINK1 transfections, western blot showed all three endogenous PINK1 proteins were decreased, confirming the hypothesis that endogenous PINK1 also expresses two cleaved forms. In addition, we do not believe that the PINK1 2 form is a mere degra dation product because our previous metabolic labeling data showed that PINK1 2 form is most stable protein of all PINK1 forms. Potential mitochondrial processing motifs have been examined for PINK1 MLS, where one predicted site is mapped at amino acid 35 and the second site around amino acids 77. Both predicted cleavage sites corre spond with the consensus R 2 or R 10 matrix processing motif. The second processing consensus motif is upstream of the PINK1 transmembrane domain and proteolysis at this site can generate a protein with similar molecular weight to PINK1 1 form.

We were first interested in determining the approximate molecular sizes of each PINK1 cleaved products, which might yield clues about possible proteolytic sites. We constructed and expressed N terminal serial truncation mutants, 35 PINK1, 70 PINK1, 105 PINK1, and 151 PINK1. By western blot, 70 and 105 PINK1 showed proteins expressed as similar molecular weight as WT PINK1 1 and 2 cleaved products. We also observed that 151 PINK1 was only expressed as a single form, corre sponding to the smallest band in all of the PINK1 con structs. Data from these truncation mutants suggests that possible cleavage sites are within aa70 105 and aa105 151.

This is similar to a recent publication using serial N terminal deletion PINK1 constructs which suggested that the first cleavage site resides between aa91 101, placing the putative cleavage site within the transmembrane domain. Since the disruption of N terminal sequences may have affected mitochon drial targeting and cleavage, we also studied internal deletion mutants to map out the proteolytic sites in the PINK1 MLS. By targeting Dacomitinib the predicted clea vage sites in the PINK1 N terminus, we truncated from aa25 40, aa66 80, aa66 90, aa90 110, and aa130 150.